When Copies Are Free, What is Valuable?

Kevin Kel­ly, an influ­en­tial thinker about all things dig­i­tal, just post­ed an essay called Bet­ter than Free.

It’s quite good.

The gist is that tech­nol­o­gy is mak­ing copies eas­i­er and eas­i­er to cre­ate. In fact, copies of most things are so cheap that they’re essen­tial­ly free.

In his words:

When copies are super abun­dant, they become worth­less.
When copies are super abun­dant, stuff which can’t be copied becomes scarce and valu­able

Well, what can’t be copied?

There are a num­ber of qual­i­ties that can’t be copied. Con­sid­er “trust.” Trust can­not be copied. You can’t pur­chase it. Trust must be earned, over time. It can­not be down­loaded. Or faked. Or coun­ter­feit­ed (at least for long). If every­thing else is equal, you’ll always pre­fer to deal with some­one you can trust. So trust is an intan­gi­ble that has increas­ing val­ue in a copy sat­u­rat­ed world.

Kel­ly iden­ti­fies 8 sim­i­lar dif­fi­cult-to-copy qual­i­ties which add val­ue to prod­ucts and ser­vices:

  1. Imme­di­a­cy: get­ting it now (as it is pro­duced or cre­at­ed)
  2. Per­son­al­iza­tion: get­ting it made just for you
  3. Inter­pre­ta­tion: hav­ing it explained in a way that makes sense to you
  4. Authen­tic­i­ty: know­ing it’s the real deal or a copy of the real deal (as opposed to a song being done by a cov­er band or some­thing)
  5. Acces­si­bil­i­ty: it’s con­ve­nient to expe­ri­ence
  6. Embod­i­ment: it’s some­thing you can expe­ri­ence on a unique­ly intense lev­el (you can shake the hand of the ath­lete who just scored the game-win­ning point, etc)
  7. Patron­age: you believe that by con­sum­ing it you’re enabling more of it (what­ev­er it is you val­ue) to be pro­duced
  8. Find­abil­i­ty: it gets on your radar some­how

Kel­ly is most­ly speak­ing about busi­ness in his essay, but it occurs to me that this is a pret­ty good check­list for min­istry.

A sea of min­istry copies is float­ing around your com­mu­ni­ty. There’s Chris­t­ian radio (car­ry­ing copies of some the best wor­ship music and preach­ing to be found), there’s Chris­t­ian tele­vi­sion (car­ry­ing copies), there are Chris­t­ian books and mag­a­zines (car­ry­ing copies of wise peo­ple’s opin­ions and Bible inter­pre­ta­tions), and there are blogs that give every­one the oppor­tu­ni­ty to inter­act with any num­ber of oth­er esteemed Chris­t­ian lead­ers. On top of that, there’s the mul­ti-site church move­ment which at its heart is about copy­ing min­istry.

And this is to say noth­ing of the min­istry clones that abound in every com­mu­ni­ty. You know the ones I speak of. They are the Star­bucks of church­es, the McDon­ald’s of min­istry. Each of them looks and feels the same no mat­ter what com­mu­ni­ty they nom­i­nal­ly inhab­it. They could care less whether they are in El Paso or Austin. They will treat Boston and Spring­field, MO alike.

In this copy-laden con­text, what true val­ue does your min­istry offer?

There are cer­tain­ly oth­er things we need to con­sid­er than Kel­ly’s list. Some of them are of exceed­ing impor­tance, such as whether we’re pro­claim­ing the gospel clear­ly and faith­ful­ly.

But his list still nags at me. It seems to me to be a help­ful way to exam­ine our­selves from a pure­ly prag­mat­ic per­spec­tive.

I think min­istries do well by these stan­dards. For exam­ple, most min­istries I know are strong at

  1. Imme­di­a­cy: peo­ple are there while we preach it — live. Our wor­ship team is per­form­ing — live. Our prayers are spon­ta­neous. Peo­ple are oper­at­ing in the gifts of the Spir­it — live and with­out rehearsal.
  2. Per­son­al­iza­tion: peo­ple are meet­ing with men­tors who are show­ing them how to under­stand the Bible giv­en their par­tic­u­lar sit­u­a­tion in life (although they’re not usu­al­ly called men­tors — they’re usu­al­ly called youth spon­sors, sun­day school teach­ers, next-door neigh­bors, friends, co-work­ers, or some­thing else that’s not very trendy to be cal­lled)
  3. Inter­pre­ta­tion: peo­ple are not only giv­en a Bible, they’re giv­en a whole learn­ing envi­ron­ment with it — ser­mons, Bible stud­ies, Sun­day School, sem­i­nars, con­fer­ences, Chris­t­ian media, web­sites
  4. Authen­tic­i­ty: it’s become cliche to knock around the estab­lished church for being inau­then­tic, but I just don’t see it. Most peo­ple love their pas­tor for a rea­son. Notable exam­ples aside, most min­is­ters aren’t hyp­ocrites and are serv­ing up the goods of a life lived in humilty before God.
  5. Patron­age: giv­ing in the offer­ing pays the salary of the pas­toral team and allows the min­istries of the church to oper­ate. Giv­ing in offer­ings allows mis­sion­ar­ies to take the gospel around the world.

I think a lot of min­istries could use work on the oth­er parts of the list, how­ev­er.

  1. Acces­si­bil­i­ty: we too often make min­istry incon­ve­nient for the peo­ple we say we’re try­ing to reach. Our ser­vice times are funky. Our dress code is off-putting. Our lin­go is dif­fi­cult to decode.
  2. Embod­i­ment: too many church­es seem obsessed with mak­ing church as bland and palat­able as pos­si­ble. This is espe­cial­ly true of my Pen­te­costal com­rades: we’ve become embar­rassed about our spir­i­tu­al­i­ty. To them, I can only quote Curt Har­low: don’t tone it down, sin­cere it up. Make com­ing to church sig­nif­i­cant­ly more live­ly and reward­ing than watch­ing a church ser­vice broad­cast on a big screen tv at home with sur­round-sound.
  3. Find­abil­i­ty: not near­ly as many peo­ple know about your min­istry as you think. Exist­ing is not enough to pro­duce aware­ness.

So to my min­is­te­r­i­al friends, I pose this sim­ple ques­tion: in a world of copies, what makes your min­istry valu­able? Is it some­thing that can’t be copied out from under you?

The things I find myself obsess­ing over are all too often the things that are the most copy­able. Did my ser­mon sound like one of Rick Warren’s/John Ortberg’s/John Piper’s/etc? Does my wor­ship team sound like they just rolled off the Pas­sion Tour/IHOP Prayer Room/etc?

What I should be ask­ing is: if Rick War­ren set up on my cam­pus, would I still be adding val­ue to stu­dents’ lives? If Dave Crow­der decid­ed to lead wor­ship for anoth­er min­istry on my cam­pus, would I still be adding val­ue to stu­dents’ lives?

What’s not copy­able about what I’m doing?

Any­way, just some off-the-cuff thoughts inspired by his essay. Read the arti­cle ladykillers the down­load free .

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Using Yahoo! Go

A friend of mine is work­ing at Yahoo and he men­tioned that I should real­ly give the spe­cial Yahoo pro­gram for cell phones a try (just browse to mobile.yahoo.com with your cell phone and you should be prompt­ed to install it). So I down­loaded it and he’s right — it’s awe­some!

One of its nifti­er fea­tures is that it’s super-easy to upload pic­tures direct­ly to Flickr from my cell phone. So I’ve just uploaded some stuff I’ve been sit­ting on for ages.

Any­way, expect to see some more ran­dom pic­tures from my cell phone now and then in addi­tion to the pho­tos Paula uploads to our fam­i­ly gallery

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Typo at Stanford

I’ve been mean­ing to blog this for­ev­er, but I kept for­get­ting. On the first floor of the ren­o­vat­ed Old Union is an acrylic sign telling the his­to­ry of the build­ing.

For the longest time (months) it had a glar­ing typo (I think it’s been fixed since I took this pho­to). It real­ly amused me.
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If you have a hard time see­ing it, look under the word Union or click on the pic­ture to view it with the error high­light­ed.

It's Not About Me

Our Col­lege Win­ter Con­fer­ence

is this week­end, and I’m in charge. So for the last few days I’ve been bom­bard­ed with phone calls or urgent emails relat­ing to some minor cri­sis about the event. It reached a fever pitch yes­ter­day when I received a mes­sage about every ten min­utes (or so it seemed).

That’s not a big deal — it’s what you sign on for when you agree to direct a retreat or con­fer­ence.

How­ev­er, I also had to preach last night.

Being inter­rupt­ed every ten min­utes does not lend itself to robust ser­mon prepa­ra­tion. I’m very par­tic­u­lar about my ser­mon prepa­ra­tion rou­tine. I like to research my top­ic thor­ough­ly, write out what I intend to say word for word, and then rehearse it (at least once, prefer­ably twice). When speak­ing in the evening, I usu­al­ly man­u­script in the morn­ing and rehearse in the after­noon. That did­n’t hap­pen yes­ter­day.

The bot­tom line is that I walked into last night’s meet­ing less pre­pared for a ser­mon than I have been in years. I felt cer­tain that the mes­sage was going to be a flop.

While deliv­er­ing it, I felt as though I was fum­bling for words and ram­bling inco­her­ent­ly.

But at the end of the evening, one stu­dent prayed to receive Christ and anoth­er prayed to reded­i­cate her­self to Christ.

It was a hum­bling reminder that it’s not about me and my prepa­ra­tion; it’s about God using bro­ken ves­sels to achieve His will.

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Science, Faith, and Chocolate Chip Cookies

Yes­ter­day we were giv­ing away free home­made choco­late-chip cook­ies on White Plaza, and we got all sorts of won­der­ful reac­tions. My favorite was from a mas­ter’s stu­dent in engi­neer­ing who grabbed a cook­ie and then looked at the poster next to the cook­ie pile.

It was an adver­tise­ment for the upcom­ing Fran­cis Collins talk watch corvette sum­mer online the man who would be king online down­load

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down­load bar­bie of swan lake movie . If the name does­n’t ring a bell, Collins coor­di­nat­ed the Human Genome Project that decod­ed human DNA. He’s also a fol­low­er of Christ.

Any­way, this guy just stared at the poster for about a minute, befud­dle­ment sprawled across his face. He looked at the pic­ture of Collins on the cov­er of Nature mag­a­zine. He read his sci­en­tif­ic cre­den­tials. And then he read the top­ic of the lec­ture again. Then he sort of mur­mured, “Wait. This can’t be right. This does­n’t make any sense.”

So we explained that yes, Fran­cis Collins real­ly is one of the world’s lead­ing geneti­cists. And yes, he real­ly does believe in Jesus. And he’s going to be talk­ing about it Stan­ford.

The stu­dent said he’d be there, and I hope he does show up. He seemed quite earnest. There are a lot of stu­dents on cam­pus who don’t allow them­selves to con­sid­er God seri­ous­ly because they assume that sci­ence and faith are by def­i­n­i­tion opposed to one anoth­er. We hope that by show­ing them a world-class sci­en­tist who loves God we can dis­pel some of that prej­u­dice.

I love this job.

Congratulations, Aaron "Rhodes Scholar" Polhamus!

Chi Alpha @ Stan­ford offi­cer Aaron Pol­hamus was just award­ed a Rhodes Schol­ar­ship

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(see page 10 of the doc­u­ment). That means he gets 2 or 3 years to study at Oxford — ful­ly sub­si­dized. The Stan­ford Dai­ly has a brief write-up

on it which quotes Aaron at some length.

Being a Rhodes Schol­ar is a big deal — some notable recip­i­ents of the award include Bill Clin­ton, Wes­ley Clark (the gen­er­al turned politi­cian), Robert Reich, Daniel Boorstin (the his­to­ri­an), physi­cist Bri­an Greene (yeah, the one who writes the cool books about sci­ence), George Stephanopou­los, cur­rent Louisiana gov­er­nor Bob­by Jin­dal, and scads of con­gress­man and sen­a­tors. Oh, plus Kris Kristof­fer­son (real­ly).

So con­grats, Aaron!

Love and Tolerance

Last night at Chi Alpha’s week­ly meet­ing we had a guest speak­er — mis­sion­ary Mark Orfi­la. He’s been serv­ing for over a decade in east­ern Europe and has been think­ing very deeply about Amer­i­can cul­tur­al val­ues and how they relate to the King­dom of God.

He said a lot of very help­ful things last night, but I think the most help­ful went along these lines (the thoughts are his but the words are mine):

If I had to choose between tol­er­ance and hatred, I’d choose tol­er­ance hands-down.

But we’re not fac­ing a bina­ry choice — we have a whole range of options avail­able to us. And tol­er­ance can’t be the ulti­mate good in a soci­ety for two rea­sons: one philo­soph­i­cal and one prac­ti­cal. There must be some­thing high­er of which tol­er­ance is a spe­cial case, because if tol­er­ance is the high­est good then you have a real prob­lem — how do you han­dle the intol­er­ant mem­bers of your own soci­ety? If you tol­er­ate them, then you allow intol­er­ance to flour­ish. If you don’t tol­er­ate them, then you pro­mote intol­er­ance your­self. Either way intol­er­ance sneaks into your soci­ety. That’s the philo­soph­i­cal approach. But there’s an even big­ger prac­ti­cal prob­lem. Who wants to be tol­er­at­ed? Don’t we all want more than to be put up with? Tol­er­ance is a neg­a­tive virtue — it’s about what we don’t do to peo­ple. I won’t hit you, I won’t insult you, I won’t stig­ma­tize you. It’s a pecu­liar inverse of the gold­en rule — tol­er­ance tells us not to do to oth­ers what we don’t want done to us. It cre­ates a dis­tance between us and nev­er forces us to cross it.

The prob­lem with tol­er­ance for a Chris­t­ian is not that it sets the bar too high but that it sets the bar too low. We are called to love one anoth­er; in fact, we are even called to love our ene­mies. And rather than mere­ly respect­ing the dis­tance between us, we are called to treat them the way we wish they would treat us. Tol­er­ance is a poor sub­sti­tute for love. If it’s the only offer on the table I’ll take it, but in most sit­u­a­tions we should demand more (espe­cial­ly of our­selves).

Thanks for the clear think­ing on a cru­cial sub­ject, Mark.

Scanning a Directory For PHP Errors

My fel­low web geeks might find this script, php-check down­load home on the range movie , use­ful. It recur­sive­ly scans a direc­to­ry check­ing PHP files for syn­tax errors.

Just copy it some­where in your path (like /usr/local/bin) and chmod it to 755.

I wrote the script because I edit PHP using Notepad++, so it’s easy for small typos to enter my scripts. I need­ed a quick way to scan a direc­to­ry after upload­ing revised files.
I wrote it in PHP so that those who need it will also know how to cus­tomize it.

[php]
#!/usr/bin/php
?php // php-check ver­sion 1.0 // recur­sive­ly scans a direc­to­ry for .php files and runs php ‑l on // them (php ‑l checks for PHP syn­tax errors) // revi­sions at http://glenandpaula.com/wordpress/archives/2007/10/31/scanning-a-directory-for-php-errors/ if (php_sapi_name()!=‘cli’) { die(“This util­i­ty can only be run from the com­mand line.\n”); } $counter=0; $errors=false; func­tion scan_dir($dir) { $counter=0; $dh=opendir($dir); while ($file=readdir($dh)) { if ($file==’.’ || $file==’..’) con­tin­ue; if (is_dir($dir.’/’.$file)) { $counter+=scan_dir($dir.’/’.$file); } else { if (substr($file, strlen($file) — 4) == ‘.php’) { $counter++; $output=shell_exec(“/usr/bin/php ‑l $dir/$file 2>&1”);
if (substr($output,0,2)!=‘No’) { // skips the “No syn­tax errors in …” mes­sage
$errors=true;
echo $out­put;
}
}

}
}
return $counter;
}
if ($argc!=2) {
die(“Usage: php-check dirname (usu­al­ly php-check .)\n”);
}

if (!is_dir($argv[1])) {
die(“Argument must be a direc­to­ry. The most com­mon usage is php-check .\n”);
}

$counter=scan_dir($argv[1]);

echo “$counter files checked\n”;
exit($errors);
?>
[/php]

This is a quick and dirty script — there are prob­a­bly some bugs in it. User beware.

If you find it help­ful, you might also want to check out scripts like PHP CodeSnif­fer

or PHP Beau­ti­fi­er.down­load robot chick­en star wars dvd

We Just Felt Our First Earthquake

We just felt our first earth­quake!

It only took us 5 years liv­ing in the Bay Area.

Appar­ent­ly it was this one mys­tery alas­ka movie down­load .

Me And The Mythbusters

I recent­ly sub­mit­ted a ques­tion to the Freako­nom­ics guys for an inter­view with the Myth­Busters.

They picked my ques­tion as the first one!

Here’s my ques­tion and their answer:

Me: Could you describe the brain­storm­ing process that goes into an episode? How far in advance do you begin plan­ning? Who sits in dur­ing those meet­ings?

ADAM: The usu­al crowd at a brain­storm­ing ses­sion is me, Jamie, Alice Dal­low (our pro­duc­er), and whichev­er researcher is doing the seg­ment we’re work­ing on — either Den­nis Kwon or Eric Haven. We also have an on-the-ground exec­u­tive pro­duc­er dur­ing an offi­cial “sto­ry meet­ing.” We usu­al­ly have one or maybe two of them before shoot­ing a myth, but dis­cus­sions about sto­ries can hap­pen all over the place, and at any time.

Often, we’ll ask for cer­tain para­me­ters as far as loca­tions or mate­ri­als, and as we dis­cov­er what’s pos­si­ble or not pos­si­ble, we’ll hone it down to what we’re actu­al­ly going to do. The show’s researchers are fan­tas­tic about find­ing the weird­est of things and experts, and Alice is bril­liant at keep­ing us on track. The dis­cus­sions can be like herd­ing cats — there’s a rib­ald, fun­ny atmos­phere, and we’ll range very far from the top­ic at hand.

Plan­ning can take any­where from a month to a day or two, depend­ing on the sched­ule. We’ve had crit­i­cal loca­tions fall through at the last minute, and need­ed to turn 180 degrees on a few hours’ notice. We’ll also flag dif­fi­cult sto­ries as far in advance as we think nec­es­sary. Some things, like get­ting per­mis­sion to film at Giants Sta­di­um for the Jim­my Hof­fa sto­ry, have tak­en the bet­ter part of a year to work out.

Then there’s the dis­cus­sions that Jamie and I have. We’ll often take a dif­fi­cult prob­lem home, think about it overnight, and maybe dis­cuss the prob­lems we see in it while dri­ving to a loca­tion. We also play devil’s advo­cate with each oth­er — if one of us has a good idea, the oth­er will poke as many holes in it as pos­si­ble, and in this way we try our best to shake out any prob­lems before we hit them.

JAMIE: This is, believe it or not, the most fun we have on the show. There is no under­es­ti­mat­ing the thrill of a big cat­a­stro­phe or explo­sion; but if you real­ly want to know what gets us going, it’s the brain­storm­ing. Once a top­ic has passed muster, some basic research has been done by our research team, and we are down to nut­ting it out, Adam and I swing into action — sort of. Usu­al­ly we go home first and think about it overnight, and then come in burst­ing with ideas. We set up in front of a dry erase board, and lay out any solu­tions we came up with by our­selves.

Amaz­ing­ly, as much as we are of dif­fer­ent tem­pera­ments, we quick­ly spot the best solu­tions and chip in to flesh the approach out. It becomes like play­ing Ping-Pong with ideas. Some­times it gets so intense that there is no time to com­plete sen­tences; it becomes a bunch of ges­tic­u­la­tions, some pieces of words or phras­es, and then, when we come out on the oth­er end, the approach is fleshed out. We call it the “Myth­Busters Mind­meld.” To any­one lis­ten­ing, it is gib­ber­ish, but it allows us to plow through a huge amount of design­ing in no time (which is what we have a lot of on the show).

Read the rest of the inter­view.